tlf news

Vol. xxii # 3

September, 2001




The Necessary Theatre ( I )

--Francesco Manetti




I finished my secondary studies in Florence in the desolate context of the war which at the beginning of the nineties drained the lifeblood of the ex-Yugoslavia. Like every recent graduate I found myself in the dilemma of what to do with my life: in secondary school I learned theatrical costume design, and I had acted in one or another school play; but the idea of making the mundane, frivolous and in the best-case scenario, elitist intellectual world of theatre into the focus and driving force of my life, didn't awaken much enthusiasm in me.

One morning I was reading the endless newspaper accounts of bombings and massacres of civilians for absurd ethnic or racial differences -- all happening very close to the tranquil and prosperous Italian coast. But then one small article caught my attention and bewildered me: in a half-destroyed theatre in Sarajevo rehearsals of Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot were proceeding amidst the rain of bombs. I still remember clearly the question that filled my mind in the face of that article: Why, in a country that needed food, clothing and someone who could stop the slaughter; why did a theatre company continue to work on mounting a text like that of Beckett, which had no connection to the barbarities going on all around. The answer came like a stroke of lightning: I suddenly saw the two protagonists, Vladimir and Estragon, dressed in once-elegant clothes; I saw them full of hope waiting for that Godot who perhaps would never arrive. And behind them I saw another image superimposed: thousands of persons in refugee camps, families trembling in their houses for fear of being deported, entire towns in terrified apprehension, waiting for the moment when someone would arrive to end that madness.

And I began to understand: that strange Irish text had now become a cry to the world, had become the voice of a people, reflecting with pitiless clarity the emo-tional state of millions of persons. In the midst of the bombs and bullets, the theatrical ritual had been transformed into the determination not to accept passively a destiny of death and destruction. Shortly afterward I decided to enter the National Theatre School in Rome. I had understood that context is everything, that a Shakespeare play can be either a useless historical reconstruction or a ringing accusa-tion; vain intellectual posturing or a lucid map of human geography. From that moment I carry within me a word that serves me in my profession of actor and teacher as the compass that gives direction and sense to my work: Necessity.

I still believe that the need for theatre is comparable to the need for our parents: we only realize how much we need them and miss them when they are no longer with us. In the same way when freedom of artistic expression is repressed and strangled, when an earth-quake, a famine or the daily misery in which the vast majority of the world lives, reduce and limit life's possibilities; only then do we realize that to survive we humans need food for the soul as well as food for the body. Theatre is like a loaf of bread, always ready and needing only an actor and an audience to be able to satisfy the fundamental hunger of the spirit.

But (there is always a "but") I grew up in one of the world's most developed and industrialized countries where the ruling law of consumption infiltrates into the most hidden corners of the brain, converting the superfluous into necessity; convincing people that life is meaningless without a cell phone, and that it's better to renounce your conscience a hundred times than to miss out on the latest goodie served up by the market, touted by publicity or technology gurus. And so with time that word "necessity" had to make a pact with work contracts, with elegant society matrons for whom the theatre is a fashion show, and with my own vanity. I arrived at my thirtieth year, and that beloved word had begun to sound like a slogan which had lost its original value. It was time for me to journey anew, to find again the path that I had found in that old newpaper article and to rediscover that blessed necessity. And so I arrived at teatro la fragua in El Progreso, a remote province of Honduras, thousands of kilometres from my homeland and my culture.


The important thing is to get started...

When I arrived in El Progreso I was immediately aware of the conditions of the country: poverty, violence, disrespect for basic human rights, disastrous health care and education. I was lodged in a house with other volunteers from all over the world (Spain, Germany, United States, Austria). All of them work with the community organization programs directed by the Jesuits, programs which sprang from the destruction of Hurricane Mitch. Each volunteer helps from the angle of his/her own profession: lawyer, technician, sociologist, nurse. The first moments were the most difficult: not being a Jesuit, not belonging to any organization or association, just being a theatre worker who tries to do his work well. I asked myself if my presence would result out of place and my work irrelevant compared with the work of these other volunteers. But I decided not to give in to depression and to wait -- and meanwhile to sleep to restore the energies lost in many hours in airports and planes.

Cocks crowing, dogs barking and neighbor goats bleating woke me at 5:00 in the morning. And what do I do at 5:00 a.m.? My appointment with padre Jack was for 10:00, it was Sunday and I had no idea what to do at that hour of the morning. Luckily my housemates began to arise one by one and we talked about the activies of each of them. In spite of my timid and insecure Spanish, I began to feel at home; it seemed that I was the only person who found it strange that a theatre worker be part of this context.

When Jack arrived I was again struck by the singular presence of this man so different from the image of priests in my country. In place of the classic black habit, Jack wore jeans and a striped t-shirt, long white hair in a pony-tail; and he is a priest who smokes. With an open smile he invited me to get into the pickup and go with him to Paujiles, a new barrio constructed for the families who lost their homes in Hurricane Mitch, where teatro la fragua is constructing a second theatre. We were accompanied on the short trip by Karol, a beautiful little girl whom Jack calls his princess, and who (I discover later) is one of the daughters of Chito, one of the veteran actors of la fragua

When we arrived at Paujiles my gaze wandered over the recently constructed houses, the improvised outlines of streets, and I realized that basic services of water and sewage and electricity were still lacking: here life is in reconstruction. The barrio itself is an attempt to reconstruct the hopes of families who lost everything to Mitch. And together with the houses, at the very center of the barrio, a theatre is being born. The construction is still in initial stages: a cement floor defines a simple stage space, a series of beams support a tin roof; standing in what will be the audience you see a splendid backdrop of the mountains, and all around recently planted cedar seedlings are beginning to grow. I suddenly have the rare and strange feeling that I am in ancient Greece; that a theatre is being constructed for the people in a natural setting and as a fundamental part of the life of a community. Bread for the soul reclaims its place at the side of bread for the body, symbolized by all the material infrastructure of the new community.

Jack interrupts my thoughts; he tells me he would like to get started as soon as possible with some project for the children of the barrio, and not wait until all the construction is finished: "the important thing is to get started," he says. It's the first time I hear this phrase from him, and I have to confess that at that moment it left me a little perplexed: in my country, in my work, when someone says that it almost always means you are dealing with a person without ideas, without a project, and who dives in to projects that almost always fail. With Karol's help (and a lesson for her in basic arithmetic) we finish noting down the exact measurements of the theatre -- the reason for the trip -- and we return to the central city.

Two days later, after an acrobatics class, a rehearsal of the new play Réquiem por el padre Las Casas, a show of the program of Children's Stories in a village close to El Progreso, a costume fitting session and a rehearsal of songs from the shows, Jack asks me when I can get started with classes and training in stage combat. I'm a bit flustered; I don't see how it's possible to find free time to organize combat sessions in the midst of so much activity; but "the important thing is to get started." It's the second time in three days I hear Jack use that phrase, and I begin to suspect that it's not coincidence.

The next few days confirm my suspicion; I hear the phrase frequently, always delivered with the same knowing smile. I begin to understand with time and with work: to construct in this country a stable reality like teatro la fragua, with an organization that would be the envy of many first-world theatres, with a simple and lovely stage space, with an extremely high level of professionalism in the actors and a serious dedication to their work which should serve as an example to all of us, and all of this sustained economically almost exclusively by help from friends the world over, with no government assistance: this is marvellous madness. A madness which few theatre persons would have enough courage to undertake. On top of that all this was born at the end of the seventies, in an extremely difficult social and political context from all points of view. With actors who at one time were persecuted and beaten by the military, who considered this style of theatre a threat to National Security. In a reality like this one there is little time to think and much to do; nothing artistic is possible on paper. The only thing to do is to get up from your desk and begin to clear a path in the jungle. The important thing -- take note -- is to get started.

To be continued....



(Francesco Manetti, a native of Florence, is professor of stage combat and physical training at the National Theatre Academy in Rome.)






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